> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://ngquct-feat-ai-sql-walkthroughs.mintlify.site/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Connection URL Reference > Every supported database URL scheme, format, and query parameter for imports and direct connections # Connection URL Reference TablePro parses standard database connection URLs for importing connections, opening them directly from a browser or terminal, and configuring SSH tunnels. ## URL Schemes | Scheme | Database | | --------------------- | ---------------------------- | | `postgresql://` | PostgreSQL | | `postgres://` | PostgreSQL (alias) | | `mysql://` | MySQL | | `mariadb://` | MariaDB | | `sqlite://` | SQLite | | `mongodb://` | MongoDB | | `mongodb+srv://` | MongoDB (SRV) | | `redis://` | Redis | | `rediss://` | Redis with TLS | | `redshift://` | Amazon Redshift | | `cockroachdb://` | CockroachDB | | `cockroach://` | CockroachDB (alias) | | `mssql://` | Microsoft SQL Server | | `sqlserver://` | Microsoft SQL Server (alias) | | `jdbc:sqlserver://` | Microsoft SQL Server (JDBC) | | `oracle://` | Oracle Database | | `jdbc:oracle:thin://` | Oracle Database (JDBC thin) | | `cassandra://` | Cassandra | | `cql://` | Cassandra (alias) | | `scylladb://` | ScyllaDB | | `scylla://` | ScyllaDB (alias) | | `clickhouse://` | ClickHouse | | `ch://` | ClickHouse (alias) | | `duckdb://` | DuckDB | | `etcd://` | etcd | | `etcds://` | etcd with TLS | | `d1://` | Cloudflare D1 | | `libsql://` | libSQL / Turso | | `surrealdb://` | SurrealDB | Append `+ssh` to any scheme (except SQLite) to use an SSH tunnel: ``` postgresql+ssh:// mysql+ssh:// mariadb+ssh:// ``` ## Standard Format ``` scheme://[username[:password]@]host[:port][/database][?param=value&...] ``` **Examples:** ``` postgresql://alice:secret@db.example.com:5432/myapp mysql://root@localhost/shop mongodb://user:pass@mongo.host:27017/analytics?authSource=admin redis://:password@cache.host:6379/1 sqlite:///Users/alice/data/local.db ``` Passwords containing special characters (`@`, `#`, `%`, `:`) must be percent-encoded. For example, `p@ss#word` becomes `p%40ss%23word`. ## SSH Tunnel Format SSH tunnel URLs encode both SSH and database credentials in a single string: ``` scheme+ssh://[ssh_user@]ssh_host[:ssh_port]/[db_user[:db_pass]@]db_host[:db_port][/database][?params] ``` **Examples:** ``` postgresql+ssh://deploy@bastion.host:22/dbuser:dbpass@internal-pg:5432/mydb mysql+ssh://ec2-user@jump.host/root:secret@10.0.0.5/shop mariadb+ssh://admin@ssh.host/maria_user@db.internal/store?usePrivateKey=true ``` If `db_host` is omitted, it defaults to `127.0.0.1`. ## Query Parameters ### Connection | Parameter | Description | Example | | --------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | | `name` | Override the connection name shown in the sidebar | `?name=Production+DB` | | `safeModeLevel` | Set [Safe Mode](/features/safe-mode) for the connection: 0=silent, 1=alert, 2=read-only | `?safeModeLevel=2` | ### SSL / TLS | Parameter | Values | Description | | ------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `sslmode` | `disable`, `prefer`, `require`, `verify-ca`, `verify-full` | SSL mode (standard PostgreSQL names) | | `tlsmode` | `0`-`4` | SSL mode as integer: 0=disable, 1=prefer, 2=require, 3=verify-ca, 4=verify-full | | `tls` / `ssl` | `true` | Sets SSL mode to Required | **Example:** ``` postgresql://user:pass@host/db?sslmode=require postgresql://user:pass@host/db?tlsmode=2 ``` ### Navigation These parameters open a specific table, view, or schema immediately after connecting. | Parameter | Description | Example | | --------- | ------------------------------------ | --------------------- | | `table` | Open the named table | `?table=users` | | `view` | Open the named view | `?view=active_orders` | | `schema` | Switch to this schema before opening | `?schema=reporting` | On databases that support schema switching (PostgreSQL, Redshift, SQL Server, Oracle), `schema` switches the schema. On databases that don't, the value is treated as a database name and switches the database instead. **Example:** ``` postgresql://user:pass@host/mydb?schema=reporting&table=monthly_sales ``` ### Filtering Apply a filter to the opened table automatically. | Parameter | Description | Example | | ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | | `column` | Column name to filter on | `?column=status` | | `operation` | Filter operator (e.g. `=`, `!=`, `LIKE`) | `?operation=LIKE` | | `value` | Filter value | `?value=active` | | `condition` | Raw SQL WHERE condition (overrides column/operation/value) | `?condition=status%3D'active'+AND+role%3D'admin'` | `operator` is accepted as an alias for `operation`. `raw` and `query` are accepted as aliases for `condition`. **Example:** ``` postgresql://user:pass@host/mydb?table=orders&column=status&operation==&value=pending postgresql://user:pass@host/mydb?table=orders&condition=total%3E1000 ``` ### Appearance | Parameter | Description | Example | | ------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------- | | `statusColor` | Assign a color to the connection (hex, matched to nearest palette color) | `?statusColor=FF3B30` | | `env` | Assign an existing tag by name (`environment` also accepted) | `?env=production` | **Example:** ``` postgresql://user:pass@host/db?statusColor=FF3B30&env=production ``` ### MongoDB | Parameter | Description | | --------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | | `authSource` | Authentication database (defaults to `admin`) | | `authMechanism` | Authentication mechanism (e.g. `SCRAM-SHA-256`) | | `replicaSet` | Replica set name | Any other query parameter on a MongoDB URL passes through to the driver unchanged. Multi-host URIs with comma-separated hosts are supported. **Example:** ``` mongodb://user:pass@host:27017/mydb?authSource=admin mongodb://user:pass@host1:27017,host2:27017,host3:27017/mydb?replicaSet=rs0 ``` ### Redis The path component sets the database index (0-15). The `rediss://` scheme automatically enables TLS. ``` redis://:password@host:6379/2 # database index 2 rediss://:password@host:6380 # TLS, default index 0 ``` ### Cassandra / ScyllaDB The path component sets the default keyspace. Both `cassandra://` and `scylladb://` schemes use the same format. ```text theme={null} cassandra://user:pass@host:9042/my_keyspace scylladb://user:pass@host:9042/my_keyspace cassandra://host:9042 # no auth, no default keyspace ``` ### DuckDB DuckDB uses file-based connections. The path after `://` is the file path, same as SQLite. ```text theme={null} duckdb:///Users/me/data/analytics.duckdb duckdb:///path/to/database.db ``` ### ClickHouse ClickHouse uses HTTP on port 8123 by default. `ch://` is accepted as an alias. ```text theme={null} clickhouse://user:password@host:8123/mydb ch://default@localhost/analytics ``` ### etcd The `etcds://` scheme automatically enables TLS. Default port is 2379. ```text theme={null} etcd://host:2379 etcds://host:2379 ``` ### libSQL / Turso The URL host maps to the database URL. The auth token goes in the password field of the connection form. ```text theme={null} libsql://your-database.turso.io ``` ### Cloudflare D1 The host maps to the Cloudflare Account ID. The path sets the database name or UUID. ```text theme={null} d1://account-id/database-name ``` ### SSH Tunnel | Parameter | Description | | --------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | | `usePrivateKey` | `true` to use key-based SSH authentication instead of password | | `useSSHAgent` | `true` to use SSH agent for authentication | | `agentSocket` | Custom SSH agent socket path | **Example:** ``` postgresql+ssh://ubuntu@bastion/dbuser@10.0.0.5/mydb?usePrivateKey=true ``` ## Opening URLs from Browser or Terminal Launch and connect from a browser or terminal: ```bash theme={null} open "postgresql://user:pass@localhost:5432/mydb" open "mysql://root@localhost/shop?table=products" ``` Uses a saved connection if it matches, otherwise creates a temporary session. To save permanently, click **New Connection** on the welcome screen and pick **Import from URL...** in the chooser footer. Import from URL sheet with a pasted connection URL Import from URL sheet with a pasted connection URL `+ssh` schemes are not registered with macOS, so `open` and browser links cannot route them to TablePro. Use the **Import from URL...** sheet for SSH tunnel URLs. To force TablePro when another client also handles the scheme, use `open -b com.TablePro "mysql://..."`. See [Terminal and DDEV](/external-api/terminal) for the `tablepro` command and a `ddev tablepro` host command. ## Confirmation and Trusted Links Every URL opened from outside the app shows a confirmation alert with the database type, host, user, and database before TablePro connects. Connect only if you trust the source of the link. For connections to this machine (`localhost`, `127.x.x.x`, `::1`) the alert also offers **Always Allow**. A trusted link is matched by database type, host, database, username, and the URL's `name` parameter, never the port. Only loopback hosts can be trusted; remote hosts always prompt. Review trusted links under **Settings > General > Trusted Links**, where you can forget them one at a time or all at once.